Past Perfect

Use: actions and facts true before another event in the past. Finished time.

Forms:
1. had VERB-ed or VERB-d
draft ► had drafted
argue ► had argued

2. Some verbs are irregular:
drive ► had driven
make ► had made
sleep ► had slept

Negative Form: had not + VERB
They had not practiced together when they won first place. (They had not practiced before they won.)

He had driven 120 miles when he realized that he forgot his medication. (He had driven before he forgot)