SEE REPORT Modals: Must vs. Have to

Use: We usually use MUST and HAVE TO interchangeably to say that it is necessary to do something. Sometimes, we must use one or the other.

Modals: must, have to

Rule 1: We use MUST to express personal feelings about having to do something.
Example 1: I must call Uncle John this weekend to see how he's doing.
Example 2: Republicans must give up something if there is ever going to be an agreement on debt reduction.

Rule 2: We use HAVE TO to express facts. Usually, "outside" forces make things necessary.
Example 1: Unfortunately, I'm going to miss the party. I have to finish this report before tomorrow.
Example 2: He has to wear safety glasses while welding.

Rule 3: We use MUST to talk about present and future actions.
Example: They must get organized if they want this business to succeed.

Negative Forms
Rule 4: MUST NOT and DO NOT HAVE TO have different meanings.
Example 1: He must not take this medication before driving. = For his safety, he cannot take this medication before driving.
Example 2: He doesn't have to take the early train. Let's make it for eleven in the morning. = It is not necessary to leave that early because the meeting will be later in the morning.


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Rules - Ex.1 - Ex.2 - Rules - Ex.3 - Ex.4 - Ex.5