Participles

Use: We use participle forms of verbs (verb-ed, verb-ing) to express emotions and feelings. These are adjectives not verbs.
Form: The present -ing and past -ed participle forms
I felt exhausted after that test.
Listening to you is exhausting.

The following are some common verbs expressing feelings and emotions and their present and past participle forms.

Verb	Present Participle (-ing)	Past Participle (-ed)
astonish	astonishing performance	astonished audience
bore	boring performance	bored audience
challenge	challenging course	challenged recruits
comfort	comforting words	comforted students
compel	compelling argument	compelled
depress	depressing situation	depressed brother
devastate	devastating loss	devastated family
disappoint	disappointing result	disappointed student
excite	exciting news	excited students
inspire	inspiring speech	inspired graduates

The acrobat astonished the crowd. (verb)
The astonished crowd cheered. (adjective)
His performance was astonishing. (adjective)
The astonished crowd cheered after his astonishing performance.


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